Discover how good map design uses texture

I've often wondered what makes antique maps so attractive and collectable. One reason is the artistic use of ornamentation and embellishment. But the more I compare antique maps to modern maps, especially thematic maps, the more I believe it is the texture found in antique maps.

Line texture

Look at this map by John Wesley Powell created in 1890 from the Library of Congress' map collection...

Map of the Linguistic Stocks of American Indians John Wesley Powell, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890, Library of Congress

Zoomed in...

Map of the Linguistic Stocks of American Indians John Wesley Powell, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890, Library of Congress

The rivers are not necessary, but including them gives the map texture that adds visual interest. The rivers are kept light so as not to impose on the map. But without the them the map would not have nearly as much visual interest.

Also notice the graduated off-shore lines that define the oceans. They act to...

Compare this use of texture to a modern thematic map. Notice the richness the line texture adds.

Color texture

Texture isn't limited to using lines. Colored antique maps also have variation...

A Survey of the City of Philadelphia and its Environs shewing the several works constructed by His Majesty's troops, Pierre Nicole, 1777, Library of Congress

In this map of Philadelphia the color variation adds a lot of visual interest. Even large spaces such as the city and the surrounding country have variability so that it feels like organic land as seen in this close-up.

A Survey of the City of Philadelphia and its Environs shewing the several works constructed by His Majesty's troops, Pierre Nicole, 1777, Library of Congress

Symbol texture

Terrain, flora, and fauna symbols add texture to maps. Notice the terrain richness in Raisz's Map of the Lower Nile...

Erwin Raisz's Map of the Lower Nile

Other forms of terrain texture include the popular shaded relief (opens in new window).

Given these examples, consider how you can incorporate texture in your maps.

Read more about...

Map texture in thematic maps
Adding texture to your political or other thematic maps will make them stand apart.

Map texture in oceans and water features
No more boring pale blue expanses of ocean. Add texture to make your oceans and other water features come alive!

Make map features stand out with negative space
Create negative space that pops out at the viewer. Removing texture for features you want to draw attention to. Add texture to make secondary features recede in the background.